Giacomo Balla: light, movement and speed

Painting and photography allow the artist to capture a moment in time. That moment is frozen ... or is it? Numerous artists have attempted to depict motion and to show movement over time. Look at the pictures below to see all of the different ways that artists have tried to make a visual suggestion of motion.

In Marcel Duchamp's Nude Descending A Staircase from 1912, the person is painted as if there were multiple depictions of the same person going down the stairs; the viewer can see each step being taken. In Giacomo Balla's Dynamism Of A Dog On Leash, also from 1912, one can almost feel the frantic energy of the little dog, it's feet shuffling quickly, it's tail wagging excitedly, and the hurried footsteps of the person trying to keep up.

Giacomo Balla, 1912, Dinamismo di un Cane al Guinzaglio (Dynamism of a Dog on a Leash), Albright-Knox Art Gallery

Giacomo Balla (18 July 1871 – 1 March 1958) was an Italian painter, art teacher and poet best known as a key proponent of Futurism. In his painting he depicted light, movement and speed.

Movement perception

Movement perception, process through which humans and other animals orient themselves to their own or others’ physical movements. Most animals, including humans, move in search of food that itself often moves; they move to avoid predators and to mate. Animals must perceive their own movements to balance themselves and to move effectively; without such perceptual functions the chances for survival would be sharply reduced.



The illustrations that, undoubtedly you have been looking at demonstrate that motion perception is very complex.

Eadweard Muybridge and his photographic studies of motion

Eadweard Muybridge (9 April 1830 – 8 May 1904, born Edward James Muggeridge) was an English photographer important for his pioneering work in photographic studies of motion, and early work in motion-picture projection. He adopted the name Eadweard Muybridge, believing it to be the original Anglo-Saxon form of his name

Eadweard Muybridge

Stanford and horse gaits


In 1872, the former governor of California, Leland Stanford, a businessman and race-horse owner, hired Muybridge for some photographic studies. He had taken a position on a popularly debated question of the day — whether all four feet of a horse were off the ground at the same time while trotting.

Motion in Art

Everything in the universe can be considered to be moving. This simple concept has evoked many artists to fix the process of movement in their artworks. Fascinated with storms at sea, strong winds, fast animals, artists at all times tried to depict it with whichever media they had at hand. The site MOTION IN ART is devoted to studying and depicting motion in two dimensional artworks.

The site is curated by the ukrainian artist Anton, who explores motion in his works. Anton's gallery is available on SaatchiArt webpage




Motion in art - Definition

Motion, a principle of art, is a tool artists use to organize the artistic elements in a work, it is employed in both static and time-based mediums
Motion, a principle of art, is a tool artists use to organize the artistic elements in a work; it is employed in both static and time-based mediums.

Source: Boundless. “Time and Motion.” Boundless Art History Boundless, 01 Mar. 2017. Retrieved 26 Mar. 2017 from https://www.boundless.com/art-history/textbooks/boundless-art-history-textbook/thinking-and-talking-about-art-1/visual-elements-39/time-and-motion-252-10728/
Motion, a principle of art, is a tool artists use to organize the artistic elements in a work; it is employed in both static and time-based mediums.

Source: Boundless. “Time and Motion.” Boundless Art History Boundless, 01 Mar. 2017. Retrieved 26 Mar. 2017 from https://www.boundless.com/art-history/textbooks/boundless-art-history-textbook/thinking-and-talking-about-art-1/visual-elements-39/time-and-motion-252-10728/
Motion, a principle of art, is a tool artists use to organize the artistic elements in a work; it is employed in both static and time-based mediums.

Source: Boundless. “Time and Motion.” Boundless Art History Boundless, 01 Mar. 2017. Retrieved 26 Mar. 2017 from https://www.boundless.com/art-history/textbooks/boundless-art-history-textbook/thinking-and-talking-about-art-1/visual-elements-39/time-and-motion-252-10728/
  • Techniques such as scale and proportion are used to create the feeling of motion or the passing of time in static a visual piece.
  • The placement of a repeated element in different area within an artwork is another way to imply motion and the passing of time.
  • Visual experiments in time and motion were first produced in the mid-19th century, and the photographer Eadweard Muybridge is well-known for his sequential shots.
  • The time-based mediums of film, video, kinetic sculpture, and performance art employ time and motion by their very definitions.